Meaning of the term hedging Hedging is mitigation against risk exposure by taking a position in one market to offset risk exposure expected in another market. Hedging protects the hedger from future fluctuations in prices or exchange rate consequently an investor is guaranteed expected future profits. The hedger can be...
Introduction The initial decisions in every business development play a pivotal role in determining the success of an organization. Several decisions are of great importance before starting any business. One of these factors is the structure of the business. There are several structures through which a business can operate. These...
Perform an analysis of the social/Demographic, Technological, Economic, Environmental/Geographic, and Political/Legal/Governmental segments to understand the general environment facing the Great Lakes. Describe how Great Lakes will be affected by each of these external factors There were alarming statistics about leaded gasoline. It was said to have a lot of effects...
Every manager in a corporation is faced with one principle aim; increasing the shareholders wealth by improving on the bottom line. To attain these objectives, a firm has to develop strategic management approaches. Whereas there are many reasons behind the development of strategic management in an organization, the two most...
Competitors Analysis The industry of SPA and wellness has demonstrated significant growth over recent years. According to the report prepared by Mordor Intelligence (2020), developed society increasingly focuses on recreational services, and related expenditures also continue to grow. Considering the colossal development opportunities in this sector, SPA and Wellness attract...
Today, there is a wide variety of forms of organizational structures: many of them have a long history of existence, while some have appeared quite recently. In view of this, for modern business managers – architects of the organizational structure – the problem of choosing the optimal organizational structure for...
Brand Strengths Other than the brand image established this far, the Aveeno brand line draws strength chiefly from the fact that parent company Johnson & Johnson (J & J) is long-established, having been founded in the United States in the 1880s (Johnson & Johnson 2009a 1). From that early start...
Definitions Leadership is an individual’s skill, behavior, or attitude that allows them to direct or influence a group towards a shared goal effectively. In a business context, leaders advocate for positive change and motivate people towards achieving the desired organizational objectives. On the other hand, followership refers to one’s capacity...
Nike has undergone remarkable growth and success over the years. Recently, it has clinched top position over its competitors such as Reebok and Adidas, due to revenues that surprised analysts. Its success can be greatly attributed to its investment strategies. Investors are enjoying the current increase in shares up to...
Strategic Alliance Strategic Alliances have become an increasingly important aspect of business activities. The term strategic alliance means an agreement between two or more organizations/parties to pursue common set goals or to achieve important business need even though the organizations maintain their independence (Kanter, 1994, 6). The time frame for...
Introduction From literature review, it has been realized that environmental accounting has a great role to play in the operations of the business of the modern firms. For this reason there have come up several regulations both within the country and abroad. Many international agencies have come up to help...
It is true that the Chief Financial Officers (CFO) make good Chief Executive Officers (CEO) (Stuart, 2009). This can be attributed by the fact that CFOs are involved in top management of a firm and make direct interactions with the CEOs. This gives them an opportunity to learn and know...
Abstract This paper looks into various aspects of cervical cancer. It looks into how cervical cancer is diagnosed and the symptoms that are used to tell when an individual has cervical cancer. It also seeks to establish the available treatment for the disease, prevention, and the use of P medication....
Abstract Long-term care is a very important issue that requires serious policy attention in the United States, even though this has not been the case. It matters in the lives of millions of Americans and has direct impact on spending by public programs. Notably, LTC faces a host of challenges...
Introduction UnitedHealthcare is a key operating segment of UnitedHealth Group, which is the single largest health care delivery service in the US serving over 70 million people. The organization strives to enhance the quality and efficiency of health care while improving access to numerous health benefits to Americans. UnitedHealth Group...
Inventory management program and systems Having established a growth-oriented and stable business, modification of the firm to contain an inventory management program will be our second objective. These additional programs will allow us to have an efficient and effective information management system that will forecast, manage demand, customer service, and...
Introduction The modern day business environment is faced by various challenges that tend to hamper growth and expansion of the business. This in turn frustrates the achievement of the set goals and objectives. Business that are not able to manage their risks well may end up falling short of their...
Executive Summary The marketing plan details the various actions that Al-Salit will take into account in the process of introducing a new line of service. Specifically, the firm intends to establish a pediatric wing in order to improve the effectiveness with which it serves its customers. The new wing aims...
Introduction The human body is a complex structure that runs on various processes, which are similar to machines. The different body parts play significant roles in the normal operation of the entire being. In order to ensure that each part runs efficiently and effectively, special care is necessary. Such care...
A brief description of the cash management practices and strategies used in the Amtrak Company The contemporary business arena where cutthroat competition exists coupled with the global economic downturn has forced organizations to adopt cash management strategies that are effective to survive in unpredictable market conditions. Philippa (1997) argues that...
Introduction Garanti Bank is a financial institution operating in the Turkish economy. It is subjected to various factors that, in essence, affect its operations and performance within the economy. Some of these factors are advantageous, while others present challenges that are viewed as risks by the bank. Some of these...
Asquith and Mullins carried out a study to survey the impact of initiating a dividend payment on shareholder wealth. Their main objective was to understand further the impact of dividends on shareholder wealth. The survey made use of a sample of 168 firms. The dividend has been either the first...
Introduction The banking sector throughout the world has experienced a lot of crises. This is attributed to poor banking practices, inadequate revenue diversification and capital, credit risks and currency mismatches among others (Tektas & Ozkan-Gunay, 2006). These shortcomings prompted the introduction of liberalization and reforms in the banking sector in...
Introduction Several privately held entities aspire to go public through an initial public offering (IPO). IPO is the first offering of a common stock of a privately held company to the public. IPO has two common benefits to the firm’s shareholders. First, IPO acts as a way of raising capital...
The four key concepts that form the foundation for the nursing profession are person, environment, health and nursing. These concepts examine the primary doctrines of nursing practice. They also form the ground through which individuals should be examined and treated within the nursing profession. This paper looks at the application...
Introduction Financial statements are meant to provide the financial information of an entity as clearly and precisely as possible. They are records that clearly outline the financial activities of a business firm. Financial statements usually include a statement of comprehensive income, statement of financial position, statement of changes in equity,...
Payback period Payback period is the duration of time a project takes to recoup initial investment. The decision criterion is to accept a project with a shorter payback period. Table 1.0 Ranks of projects using payback period. Rank Project Period 1 Project B 2 years 4 months 2 Project A...
Introduction The core business objective of ordinary commercial banks is to make a profit. Banks lend money at interest rates, and at the same time, they encourage customers to deposit funds at an agreed rate. The deposits are ways through which banks access legitimate funds to lend at higher interest...
Introduction The European crisis is the financial crisis that affected, and is still affecting, countries within the Eurozone. The predicament is majorly attributed to the countries’ inability to repay their debts free of assistance that comes from third parties. Various intervention measures including European financial stability facility, European fiscal compact,...
Herrestad Company. Segmented Income Statement For the period ending Dec. 31, 2011 A B Total Sales $920,000 $2,000,000 $1,080,000 Variable costs: Direct material 560,000 240,000 800,000 Direct labor 100,000 300,000 400,000 variable overhead 90,000 150,000 240,000 variable selling and admin exp 26,000 54,000 80,000 total variable costs 776,000 744,000 1,520,000...
A contribution margin income statement is prepared with an aim of showing the amount of the margin of contribution in an income statement of an organization or a business. It is prepared for use by the internal management. All variable expenses (selling, administration and manufacturing) are deducted from sales to...
Introduction Stock Exchange is an aspect of the market that provides a medium through which stocks, bonds and securities are exchanged (Gurusamy, 2009). The main players in the stock exchange are stock brokers and traders. Stock exchange also facilitates the issuance and redemption of financial instruments and securities. In addition,...
Introduction The five forces proposed by Porter are very essential in the understanding of a firm’s competitive position within an industry. The tools are simple but powerful in analyzing the business competitive situation (Cheverton 2004, p.113). Porter’s five force tools are not only used in determining the current competitive position...
Definition of the Basel accords The Basel accord is a set of regulatory agreements that were set by the Basel committee with the intention of regulating the banks. This happened after it was noticed that banks and other financial institutions were facing unforeseeable risks hence strategies to absorb the impact...
Introduction Financial reporting is a process of communicating financial information for public or private institution, government and non-profit organizations (Alexander & Britton 2004). Interest groups require financial information when making investment decisions. From the financial information, interest groups compare financial performance of different companies. Therefore, it is importance that standard...
Basel II The banking industry involves a risky business. To survive in the industry, the banks have to develop effective ways of taking and managing risks. The contemporary changes in banking and other financial markets have led to the complexity of the risks involved in banking. For instance, when a...
Stock valuation has been a vital factor when determining investment decisions in the economy. Most of the companies have their stock traded publicly, and General Motor Company is no exception. GM Company was founded in Michigan in the early 20th century. General Motors Company (GM) is concerned with designing, manufacturing,...
Daimler AG Description of the Company Daimler AG is a German transnational company that deals with the manufacturing of motor vehicles. The headquarters of the company are in Stuttgart, Germany. The firm ranks as the third-largest automobile manufacturer in the world. Apart from manufacturing motor vehicles, the firm also offers...
Introduction Real estate is defined as the type of an assets class that is tangible in nature. This class covers a variety of assets such as buildings that include residential property, office buildings, retail as well as industrial buildings. The real estates also covers land that can be used for...
The United States along with United Kingdom’s ruling authorities had to formulate various regulations to bring the arising global financial crisis under control. The Federal Reserve of the United States just like the other central banks within the globe had to implement regulations aimed at expanding the money supplies to...
Introduction It is worth noting that the company’s financial statements released at the end of each financial year are very important to build strong and sound relationships with the various stakeholders who are involved in the organization’s businesses. Financial ratios are tools used by different stakeholders within the company to...
Introduction Financial reporting is one of the most important accounting practices that profit and non-profit making organizations should integrate into their operation. Public organizations are under a legal obligation to disclose their performance to the public. One of the ways through which they attain this is by publishing their financial...
The Best Food Superstores case is about ethical marketing behaviours and customer service satisfaction. In this case, Brenda who is a regular customer to Best Food Superstores for over thirty years tries to explain her dissatisfaction with the service and guarantee she gets at the store. From the case it...
The strength of hotel industries in terms of performance index lies with the level of service delivered to their clients. In fact, serious hotel industries would invest more on their mode of service delivery to hit an all time favorite against their opponents in the same business segment. Such motive...
Introduction Two university students, Philip Knight and Bill Bowerman in the Early 1964, founded Blue Ribbon Sports, a company that later changed its name to Nike, Inc. in 1978. The company trades mainly in sportswear and equipments. From its humble beginnings, the company has grown to become the leading sports...
When looking for financial information, information can be found both in primary and secondary sources. The primary source of financial information is financial accounting. This is the main source of important financial information. It includes financial statements such as the annual report and the balance sheet. These act as the...
In the past years, financial accounting emphasised on presenting financial statements information to parties outside an organization, e.g. lenders, who used the information to make future investment decisions. This means that financial accounting denied internal managers the information they needed to make appropriate decisions. This has forced many organizations to...
Introduction Comprehensive introductory plans and the availability of subsidized or free healthcare given by the Venezuelan government in the 1980s and 1990s made the country’s health care system among the most developed in the region. By 2000, a large population of people both in towns and rural areas could access...
Introduction The State of Investment Policy intends to explore constraints, purpose as well as policies of Brandes mutual funds.Brandes mutual fund is based in Canada. Its major objective remains to make adequate returns for its clients. It is also focused towards attaining global excellence. In addition, the Statement Investment Policy...
Introduction Islamic banking has grown steadily in the recent past. Past studies have noted that they have moved into other regions like Europe and the wider Asian region. For instance, Juan Solé observes that the Islamic banking system has expanded not only in countries with most Muslims, but also in...
Introduction Variable cost analysis is very crucial when we come to decision making. Variable costs do affect the profitability of every organization thus managers are encouraged to decrease variable costs in order to maintain good profitability (Drury, 2007). Analysis of variable costs will therefore enable the manager to devise ways...
Introduction Information Technology (IT) is among the 21st century undertakings that have changed how financial organisations conduct their business in the sophisticated and fast-paced business environment. To most industry commentators, IT use came at an opportune time when global financial dealings needed some enhancement in order to increase the speed,...
Introduction Fraud is the intentional conversion of funds or property that is entrusted into a person. Fraud also involves the mistreatment of books of account of the company to appear as if it is performing well in the market yet it is contrary. Auditors have the responsibility to detect and...
Upon my analysis of the communication process, there are three communication challenges I noted in the workplace. First was the disparity in perceptions and attitudes. From the scenario, Mrs. Richards believes that she deserves priority from the receptionist and other employees of the hotel. The receptionist, on the other hand,...
Introduction Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) in finance is normally used to establish a hypothetically suitable return of a security, if that security can be included to a well-diversified portfolio, provided that security is of non-diversifiable risk. CAPM takes into consideration security’s sensitivity to systematic risk or market risk, frequently...
Investment Philosophy and Market View Investment philosophy Investment philosophy can be defined as those strategies or principles that guide an investor in his investment decisions such as value, technical, growth and the fundamentals (Shleifer 2000). In this case, the portfolio is strictly focused on small carefully selected assets, after carrying...
Introduction This paper contains a comparison of the actively managed funds and the index funds. To begin with, the actively managed fund is the liquidity pool which has a portfolio that is used as a platform of a trade by investors to meet their long-term objectives in an investment. On...
The worldwide financial meltdown is among the various types of financial crises, which are known to have serious long-term implications on the global economy. Various financial economists have tried to raise theories regarding the issue as well as trying to offer possible solutions on how to prevent such situations. The...
Introduction Taxation can be described as the way by which governments finance their spending by imposing charges on individuals and companies. Most nations use taxation to encourage and discourage economic decisions (Smith, 2006). For instance, taxation on personal income in terms of the amount paid as interest on mortgage leads...
Introduction The fear of the Euro plunging into dilution had gripped the financial world completely. The developed economies in Europe Union (EU) failed to raise money for their bonds due to a decline in the confidence of the international financial market on euro zone. EU’s debt crisis worsened further since...
Introduction The stock market in Saudi Arabia was first formally regulated in 1984 (Al-Twaijry, 2006, p.2). In 1985 the Saudi Shares Registration company was inaugurated. The early 1990 saw the modernization of the market with introduction of an Electronic Securities Information System by the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (Al-Twaijry, 2006,...
Executive Summary In a contemporary business environment, organizations require informational, human, and physical resources; properly managed organizations have adequate personnel, in number, experience, and expertise. The human resources department in conjunction with top and line management is mandated with the task of ensuring that the right number of people is...
Strong economies are emerging all over the world, but both China and India are still ahead because they are taking international markets by storm. Their rapid growth has pushed them into global markets and possibilities of development in their own regions. Nevertheless, these possibilities are rapidly turning into real development...
Introduction The aim of every organization is to maximize profit while minimizing costs. The operations of an organization in a given business environment aims at ensuring that the organization achieves its objectives. Financial performance of an organization is important for investors. However, it is not the only measure of the...
Introduction Government policy has contributed to the growth of the insurance policy in Saudi Arabia. This has mostly been through the creation of favorable conditions for the development of insurance firms and their ability to thrive. The paper has successfully looked at laws that were established in order to increase...
Introduction Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is defined as a process where residents from another country acquire ownership of assets of a firm in a foreign country with the purpose of controlling production, distribution among other purposes (Moosa 2002 p.1). The IMF defines FDI as ‘ an investment that is made...
Introduction American companies seeking to get loans from banks to expand their businesses are unable to access them due to the reluctance of banks to lend. This is because the banks have not yet fully recovered from the losses they incurred from the sub-prime mortgage crisis. The industrial and commercial...
Inflation is one of the many economic heats that confront the world. Economic experts have always congregated to look for solutions by developing strategies to deal with inflation. Its adverse effects have made the issue to be the most understood aspect of the global economy by the learned and those...
Introduction The European financial crisis arose out of fiscal measures adopted in several European countries. The international community got concerned in late 2009 and at the beginning of 2010. The European countries had accumulated high amounts of sovereign debt. In Ireland, the debt had increased due to bank bailouts. There...
Introduction Background of the Study Financial market in USA is large and diverse, and for a long time, it has been dominated by mutual funds industry (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 2003). However, in the last few decades, the trend has been changing, and today, there is growth of hedge...
Introduction Historically, top-level management realized how difficult it was to invest large fortunes into IT without knowing how it would affect their businesses. However, several CIOs invested heavily in IT with the hope that the investment will play a vital role in the future. A number of these companies collapsed...
Introduction Amongst the many influential global companies that exist today; very few—if not none—of them can compare to the reputable impact of Wal-Mart in the arena of business. Whether for the right or occasionally, wrong reasons; Wal-Mart commands a lot of attention from corporations and people alike. All these would,...
Accounting is not just all about boring numbers. It is about one’s ability to analyze and communicate. Individuals’ passion for numbers calculation, analytical thinking, problem-solving, and communication form the basis of this professional career. The ultimate audited financial statements have a fundamental impact on the corporate world, government, as well...
Project overview Bluechips Consultancy is to implement an order management system for G-bazaar a green computing outlet in uptown UK. A project plan will then be developed after this and this will be presented to the sponsors for approval. The activities of the project will then commence upon approval of...
Improved international relations, technological development, growth in international trade, and development of reliable communication channels have led to rise in globalization. Globalization is the process through which regional economies integrate into a global network of trade; with globalization, multinationals and private companies are able to take advantage of enlarged global...
Introduction More and more economies have developed the tendency to rely on private capital flows to sustain themselves and therefore have also become more prone to risks that come with the volatility associated with such capital flows (Baumol 2007). Researches have been carried out to help establish a comprehensive framework...
Animal testing, “animal experimentation, animal research and in vivo testing are terms that have been used to describe the use animals in experiments” (Benz, 2006, p. 56). The earliest references made to animal testing date back to the 2nd and 4th century BCE as seen in the writings of the...
Introduction Many businesses operations have embraced the concept of corporate social responsibility and this has attracted attention of many researchers. The aim of this review is to study the work of one such researcher, Caroll Archie, and rate her article, The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility: toward the Moral Management...
Quality management refers to the organizational-wide approach that firms in different economic sectors integrate in an effort to understand the customers’ needs. As a result, a firm is able to offer products and services that meet the customers’ needs. For an organization to effectively implement the concept of quality management,...
Introduction The 1960s civil rights movement in America to end racial and other forms of discrimination also affected discrimination of employees by their employers. Following successful implementations of the laws against discrimination at workplaces, court decisions, workers unions, and laws restricted the employers and their unions to discriminate any worker...
Introduction Information systems (ISs) have been basically considered in terms of the way they affect individual organizations. Scholars have put their focus on defining the nature of information system function. However, at recent times, the external information systems utilization as sources of competitive advantage has come under consideration (Pant and...
Introduction The level of job satisfaction among employees determines performance of employees in an organization. Given the evidence that job satisfaction increases performance of employees, modern organizations strive to provide better working conditions and employment terms. Essentially, many factors determine the level of job satisfaction in an organization. Some factors...
People often prefer proactive behavior to reactive behavior. With this in mind, if a fire investigator identifies that the cause of the fire was not incendiary, it is only logical that he applies the evidence he manages to adduce from the fire scene to set up preventive measures to curb...
There are many perspectives on what constitutes an ideal ethical organization. Some business scholars tend to concentrate on failures in ethical behavior. In addition, extreme instances of corporate misbehavior, and the procedures that cause negative phenomena may deploy to pin down unethical conduct. Although such a view offers useful insights...
Introduction A gang can be described as a group that “resembles an organization of three or more persons with a common identifying sign, name or symbol” (Bartollas, 2002, p. 268). Gangs are either “collectively or individually involved in criminal activities that are often of a violent character or connected to...
Impact on the population The passing of the Affordable Care Act in 2010 by Congress brought relief to thousands of families in North Carolina. Most of these families could not afford healthcare insurance (Hofer, Abraham & Moscovice, 2011). It has been difficult for many families in North Carolina to pay...
Introduction There is a large volume of studies on the correlation between oil prices and macroeconomics variables. Most of these studies have discussed the important effects of oil prices fluctuations on economic activities in the emerging and developed countries. One important factor of using oil price changes as a cause...
The last several decades could be characterized by the dramatic changes in the structure of society and market. These alterations are conditioned by the blistering development of technologies and approaches used to attain success and become beneficial. Furthermore, the changes in the structure of market conditioned the growth of its...
The risk and return associated with any type of investment bear several similarities. The more the “appetite” for high returns, the higher the level of risk a business entity has to accept. In other words, risks and returns are directly proportional to each other when it comes to investment (Greenwood...
Introduction Written by Khanna, Palepu, and Sinha (2005), the article ‘Strategies that Fit Emerging Markets’ is an informative piece that acknowledges the biggest challenge, namely globalization, which major businesses face today. Top-level management of large multinational corporations reveals how globalization has made it almost impossible to apply traditional strategies that...
Abstract This research will investigate factors that determine the capital financing structure of firms within a tax-exempt economy, Kuwait. It will question why companies in a tax-exempt economy, regardless of the lack of debt incentives, continue to prefer debt financing to internal sources of capital. The research attempts to fill...
Introduction The issue of shrinking cities has been on the rise in the past, and it creates serious problems around the globe (Stansel, 2011). This problem of shrinking cities is common amongst cities in developed countries like the United States and Europe among others even though it can happen in...
Overview To construct and operate a smelter in the United States of America, one is required to apply for several environmental permits. RRE International wants to build and operate a smelter in the City of Riverside. This company is establishing its first presence in the United States of America and...
Introduction Our environment is very delicate and efforts should be taken to ensure its safety. There are several pollutants that the environment is subjected to, most of which are caused by man. This condition is more adverse in urban set ups where population is large and waste management is a...
How to live with climate change: It won’t be stopped, but its effects can be made less bad This paper describes the UN’s search for a solution to global warming. The proposals presented therein can be adopted by the US in addressing global warming and the other effects of climate...
Introduction Solving environmental problems is a worldwide concern. The threat posed by climate change and global warming is pushing mother Earth to the limit. Industrialisation, consumerism in America and globalization, among other drivers of change, have pushed and motivated scientists to find ways to address environmental problems which have continued...
Introduction The harnessing of wind energy has been taking place since time immemorial. Traditionally, it was used to pump water and to grind grain. In the modern world, wind turbine is the equivalent of wind energy and used to generate electricity. Windmills are stationed on a raised point or a...
Global warming is referred to as the general increase in the earths near surface air and ocean temperature. This has remained as major problem in a society that has increased its industrial use since the beginning of twentieth century. Every newborn in twentieth century, is one way or another, has...
Introduction Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder that occurs due to the presence of a high level of glucose in the blood (Alssema et al 742). Research has shown that this is the most common type of diabetes that affects both children and adults. Individuals who suffer from...
The right to die is an entitlement to end one’s life (Humphry, 2003). It holds that every person has a right to die with dignity. Possession of this right gives an individual the ability to choose when to die and by whom. It is sometimes denoted as do not resuscitate....