The Civil War from 1861 to 1865 was a historic milestone for the United States of America of enormous significance (Foner 16). The victory of the capitalist North over the slaveholding South offered broad prospects for the unimpeded development of capitalism in the United States, both in industry and agriculture....
Introduction The African-American community’s experience in America is a controversial subject that attracts more questions than answers. This experience is partially complicated by its origin from the infamous transatlantic slave trade that saw Africans forcefully moved from their homeland to the Americas to work on plantations under deplorable conditions (Corbett...
Summary Slave possession rules have been in force in Virginia since the first days of the colony. They define the legal standing of enslaved people and their experts and facilitate communication between the two. Legal institutions of colonial servitude are established and defined in this group of laws spanning 1629â1705....
Introduction Rosa Parks is a celebrated figure in the United States thanks to her crucial role in the Civil Rights Movement (CRM). The United States Congress recognized her efforts as it named her the freedom movementâs mother and the civil rights first lady. Rosa is best known for the Montgomery...
An active study of the racial identity of ancient Egyptian society, as well as the influence of various ethnic groups on it, began to develop in the 18th century. In 1787 the book called Travels through Syria and Egypt was published (Sanders 2009). In it, the French traveler Count Volney...
Introduction Centuries of its existence, the United States has confidently moved towards a stable military and economic position. In the beginning, the country was constantly at war, frequently acting belligerent and self-righteous toward other nations, bold in demanding its privileges and forceful in achieving its objectives. Today, the nation holds...
Introduction The civil rights movement refers to a series of activist undertakings, particularly for the period 1946 to 1968. During this time, African Americans were actively involved in the struggle to be accorded the freedom to enjoy their full political, social, and economic rights. The activism involved the use of...
Introduction The article “Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence” was a copy of Martin Luther King Jr.’s address on April 4, 1967. The speech was lectured to a group of individuals convened by Clergy and Laymen Concerned about Vietnam (CALCAV) at the Riverside Church. The fact that MLK was...
Introduction Understanding the historical context of issues is imperative, as the past always has a lingering effect on the present and future. On that note, there is much that people can learn about the current social problems in the United States by understanding the minute details of the country’s history....
The American, Haitian, and French revolutions happened in subsequent durations with each motivating the other in different ways. The revolutions had a great impact on world history not only politically but also socially and economically; directly to the involved countries and indirectly to other parts of the world. It stands...
Introduction Although the first European colonizers reached California back in the XVI century, they began to actively develop land on the Pacific coast of North America relatively late â there were no material values that could be exported. The massive influx of European colonists to the west coast of the...
The postwar period saw significant opposition to African Americans’ second-class citizenship in several country sections. Nonviolent opposition and civil disobedience against racial segregation and discrimination garnered national exposure as the media recorded the effort to abolish the vices. Many authors have detailed the steps that hindered or led to the...
Introduction Discussing various traditions of ancient civilizations is an essential part of a scientific investigation. Scholars argue that a thorough analysis of available texts can provide tremendous insight into the topic of specific customs performed during that age (Monroe 2019). The excerpt from the letters written by an Assyrian researcher...
The documentary created by Ken Burns about the civil war is primarily striking with the scale of the work done. Research, studying the materials, and documents, finding photos, and finally presenting the results to the audience – these aspects I find most impressive not only in the last episode but...
It seems that people have always desired to explore new lands due to their nature. For ages, America was regarded as one of the most mysterious places and described in literary works as a land of hope. A long time before the continent was discovered by Christopher Columbus, people had...
Conservatism explains the resistance to change and following traditional social systems, while liberalism describes the adoption of change and innovation in all aspects of life. In politics, some conservatives and liberals aim to support their peopleâs well-being and racial justice (Foner, Ch. 26, 2019, p.1057). Politicians focus on the preservation...
The Middle Ages, especially the early years, are generally considered to be dark and harsh. Only about a few hundred million people inhabited the world, and for the vast majority, life was short, complicated, and often prematurely interrupted by violent death or infectious diseases. However, this time, despite the difficulties,...
The Warrior Vase is a piece of pottery that refers to the late Helladic period and is related to the Mycenaean area. It is dated to the 12th century BC, while similar motives are also found in the pottery of the 8th century. It is a krater that presents a...
The Egyptian Book of the Dead, the Mesopotamian Epic of Gilgamesh, the Iliad, and the Book of Genesis provides significant insights into Western civilization from ancient times to the Renaissance. All of them are great sources of information that reveal how religious beliefs were evolving and shaped throughout history. Today,...
Introduction The containment policy was the strategy which the US applied to contain the communist regimes in Asia between 1945 and 1975. This policy was successful, but only to a particular extent since, along with the victories, the US also faced the inevitable losses and defeats. The Vietnam War had...
Introduction The fight against witchcraft varied from country to country and from time to time. In some places, it was limited to religious sermons condemning the practice and urging those who believed in God not to seek help from witches. Religions prescribed that sorcerers must be beheaded, but the number...
Colonialism is a system of domination that may be characterized as a system that entails the subjection of native peoples and the exploitation of their natural resources. In most cases, this was done in the name of establishing dominance. Coloniality is an extension of colonialism, which occurs when the colonized...
Introduction There was an extensive struggle for the African American civil rights movements, particularly in the American Northern municipalities, which opposed discrimination against employment, education, and housing. Some leaders, including Martin Luther King, engaged in peaceful demonstrations but received brutal force responses from Deep South militants, hindering them from attaining...
Who Was Karl Marx? In a household of nine children, Karl Marx was the oldest boy who survived when he was born in Trier, Prussia, in 1818. Although his parents were originally Jewish and came from long lines of rabbis, his father, a jurist, changed to Lutheranism around 1816 due...
Introduction There has been a growing concern about the morality of interventions within the past few decades. Political scientists and international relations experts attempt to examine and describe the justice of war in a bid to ensure peace and tranquility across the globe. Various individuals hold different views regarding conflicts...
Introduction To become a global free-market nation and a leader of the Western world for which it is recognized today, the United States underwent several foreign affairs transitions that continue to define its policy. Starting from an isolationist position in the 19th century which the country largely maintained throughout its...
The role of slavery in initiating the American Civil War has strenuously been discussed over many years. In South America, African slavery was extensively practiced in the nineteenth century. Southern states wanted to do away with laws that did not support slavery and even extend it to the western territory....
Reconstruction is a process that occurred after the Civil War when the federal Union was rebuilding its territories after the Southern states destroyed them. Reconstruction continued from 1865 to 1877, and its main goal was to restructure the South and help it reunite with the federal Union again (Guelzo, 2018)....
One of the main themes that emerge in Hannah Fosterâs book The Coquette is the freedom of a woman in the post-independent American society. The common woman in the late 18th century was different from the modern women in the United States. At the time, women played the roles of...
During the 1950s, the American Way for Blacks in the south remained “Jim Crow,” a system of segregation that included separate schools, separate water fountains, separate coastlines, and separate public facilities. They could not vote for the president, marry white people, sit next to each other in public transportation, attend...
As the study of the events from the often distant past, history might appear uninteresting and pointless to some of the practice-oriented learners of today. In the age of modern technology and high-speed life, learning about the medieval political intrigue or the Nullification Crisis might seem pointless. Yet, such assumption...
The Armenian genocide was an organized ethnic cleansing and mass murder of native Armenians. The Ottoman army killed the local Armenians during the Persian and Russian invasions (Akçam 72). The war turned into genocide because the Ottoman state was defeated by the Srikamish. The Ottoman Empire blamed Armenians for the...
David McCulloughâs 1776 investigates multiple thematic and constant aspects of the historical events that took place within the end of the 18th century. Since the work is written from the perspective of both the British and American commanders, it focuses more on the element of military strategy and does not...
Brantlinger, Patrick. “Kipling’s” The White Man’s Burden” and Its Afterlives.” English Literature in Transition, 1880-1920, vol. 50, no. 2, 2007, pp. 172-191. The article by Brantlinger evaluates the life, transition, and transformation of the âWhite Manâs Burden,â as it was described in a poem by Rudyard Kipling, its connections to...
Islam recognizes the concept of Islam and the state in a likely manner of the modern concept. In Islam din means the religion and daula means the state. The modern concept of state though does not originate the modern concept; it is deeply rooted in the concept of state of...
In the first century BC, the Greek traveler Strabo used the term Tanis from the geographer Artemidorus who lived in 100 BC and spoke Tanis as a great city â polis male. This is the first mention of the city. By 100 AD, the area of the city and its...
Hospitality promotes good relations between people through love and kindness. It is a virtue that drives one to meet another personâs needs without necessarily having blood relations between them. It also seeks to strengthen social bonds among friends as well as strangers through human understanding. Hospitality enables people to welcome...
World war two created a bipolar international system that quickly replaced the numerous superpowers that existed prior to that war. The two major victors of this war were the United States and the Soviet Union. These two countries continued to enjoy their status as superpowers until 1989 when the Soviet...
âNew Frontierâ was a slogan used by John F. Kennedy urge to Americans to support him during the presidential election in the United States in 1960. Previously, he used this slogan to lure people to vote for him and later during his acceptance speech as a democratic nominee to Democratic...
Plutarch emphasizes Alexanderâs natural gift for leadership. Indeed, he ascended the throne as early as at the age of twenty-one. Moreover, the political situation in Macedon was highly unstable at that time. However, Alexander did not listen to older advisers and made his own decisions as to Macedonâs external policy....
The machine age which has been coupled with the use of computers has aptly brought mixed fortunes. We all acknowledge that it is out of human intelligence that computers came into being. One major positive implication of the growing technology is that information can be stored, processed, retrieved and transmitted...
The invention of the Gutenberg Printing Press was one of the most important reasons behind the adoption of the Protestant Reformation. Printing press increased literacy and made information available to ordinary people that previously would only be seen by scholars and aristocrats. It helped to spread the ideas of Luther...
Classical Greece refers to the time in the history of the Greeks when they were advanced in terms of culture and other aspects of their social, political, and economic affairs. During the classical period, Greece had many scientists, philosophers, and artists who influenced the life of the Greeks in terms...
The Civil Rights movement has many events and persons deserving close attention and thorough examination. Unquestionably, the first events include the brutal murder of 14-year-old Emmett Till in Mississippi and the Montgomery Bus Boycott, which became the starting point of the movement. In this regard, it is relevant to demonstrate...
Federalism is a system of government presupposing that the territory is controlled by the national government and the smaller political subdivisions. For Arkansas, it means that the state can resolve its issues; however, the federal governmentâs recommendations are also vital and should be followed to avoid conflicts and possible complications....
To begin with, an average woman that was born in Sparta in 500 BCE had fewer restrictions because of her gender than in the rest of Greece. In other words, women âwere trained in war, they could speak publicly, and they could own land.â However, the more considerable amount of...
Generally speaking, the native people were not able to resist the Spanish colonization of North America. They have certainly tried. The native source states that the Aztecs waged war against Cortés with all their force to avenge the massacre in the Main Temple. They could achieve temporary successes, such as...
The native groups were generally able to adapt to the Spanish culture, not in the least because of the intermarriage between the two groups. With most of the Spanish colonizers being young men seeking glory and wealth, the shortage of Spanish women did not really leave any other option. Notably...
The life of enslaved and freed Black Americans was characterized by their exclusion of them from the benefits of American democratic institutions. Firstly, there were nearly 4 million African Americans that were slaves by 1860. For the most part, the southern United States was the place with the majority of...
The Mexican-American war took place in 1846-1848 and resulted in the annexation of Texas by the American federal government. Tanaki notes that many Irish, who were cruelly conquered by the British population earlier, participated in this attack in the British American army. Americans started their expansion during the 1820s when...
In the American continent, one of the most critical conquests was the fight of white Americans against Mexicans and American Indians. While Mexicans endured the conquest of their Southwest territories, Indians were forced to cede their lands to the federal government. These annexations were made because of resources that were...
This article is about the black slave revolt in Southern America. The black people rebelled against their enslavers and went to the plantations, joined by other slaves. The slaves sought to become part of the Union Army, but the uprisings were suppressed by shooting and hanging. By order of the...
The Clergy are referred to by the Archbishop of York. He begins by warning that the Pretenderâs son has recruited and trained an army in Scotland, has vanquished some of the Kingâs men and is moving towards England. He firmly encourages them to prepare the most excellent possible defenses against...
The Forty-five Rebellion, also known as the Jacobite Rising of 1745, was an endeavor by Charles Edward Stuart to destroy the Hanoverian dynasty and reinstall the Stuarts as the royal house of Great Britain. James VII, Charles Edward Stuartâs father, was the last Roman Catholic monarch to rule England, Scotland,...
Wilma Mankiller was born in 1945 in the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma. Her family moved to San Francisco as a part of the government program to urbanize Native Americans. Wilma went to college in San Francisco and got married to an Ecuadorian man, but they divorced due to his philosophies...
Ciceroâs series of speeches called In Verrem allow us to understand the oratorâs thoughts regarding how the Romans should have ruled their empire, and these texts have evidence that they cared about the welfare of their peoples. First, Cicero perceived himself as the patron of Sicilian citizens, so as soon...
The New Deal Liberalism affected all groups, including Native Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans. They had been inspired by Kennedyâs rhetoric and Johnsonâs actions, which fostered equality and justice for every American ethnicity and skin color. There was significant upward mobility in the social welfare of minority groups thanks...
Latinx and Native Americans mobilized in the 1960s by organizing Civil Rights movements determined to end the oppressive capitalist regime, each for their own ethnic group. Meanwhile, the black protests became black riots. The uprising in the South was determined to end discrimination and segregation on racial grounds. They hoped...
The New Deal Liberalism succeeded in the sectors of health and welfare of people by protecting the civil rights and rights of minorities. For example, Lyndon Johnson, who had succeeded President Kennedy, triumphed in bringing forth the Great Society. President Johnson flooded Congress with bills that improved the situation of...
The term âinterrupted presidencyâ describes the situation of removal of a president earlier than the full term expires. It is often not a nonviolent transfer of power. So, I think that the 2019 coup in Bolivia is an example of an âinterrupted presidencyâ because Morales still had some months left...
The American Revolution took place from 1755 to 1783, in what earned British North America, consisting of thirteen colonies, independence, thus leading to the formation of the United States of America. The Americans who fought during the American Revolution were in the Continental Army. The Continental Army faced many challenges...
The French â Indian war took place for over seven years, pitting Britain against France to control most of North America. Preceding the war, France had started advancing into the Ohio River valley in the early 1950s, a move that created tension in the British camp. The Britons felt like...
Economic Dilemmas and Overdependence on Slave Labor Even when Rome was underneath attacks from the exterior force, it also struggled with serious financial challenges. Overspending and constant wars significantly widened the gap between the poor and the rich. Intending to evade tax inspectors, several well-off individuals flew to the countryside....
World War II showed the worst of human nature, as portrayed by Locke & Wright in their book âThe American Yawpâ. From the first-time humans settled in the United States to the recent past, it can be noted that no single event led to more loss of life and destruction...
The newly discovered continent of North America was considered to be full of resources that could make England a wealthy and powerful country. The English envied Spain monarchs who gained a lot of gold, having invested in conquistador expeditions. Building the colonies on the new continent could strengthen the positions...
Bessie Smith was born on the fifteenth of April 1894 in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Just like many typical Black Americans, she was born in poverty in a family of seven. Bessie didnât know her father since he had died while she was too young to remember him. Later, her mother and...
Following the outcome of the Civil War, the Black population formally became free. It means that they were no longer treated as property and gained civil rights, making them eligible for education and paid work. However, the former slaves were still unable to vote, sue, or own land, and the...
The primary sources âMuhammad Ali Speaks Out Against the Vietnamâ and Martin Luther Kingâs âBeyond Vietnamâ are dissenting opinions against Americaâs intervention in Vietnam War. In their separate speeches, Both Ali and King express their strong opposition to Americaâs military operations in Vietnam. Being African Americans, Ali and King state...
After the Second World War (1939-45), political and economic conflicts ensued between the United States and the Soviet Union, leading to what would later become to be known as the Cold War. The Cold War was ideological warfare between communism and capitalism. The Soviets used their communist ideas to try...
Hitler believed in âracial hygieneâ. This is to mean that certain groups of people were allowed to procreate while others werenât. Racial mixing was believed to create chaos. T4 program was developed as a way of promoting racial hygiene. He killed two-thirds of the Jewish population in Europe. Others were...
The case against Socrates, the great Greek philosopher, was instituted for several reasons. The charge contained three points â the godlessness of the thinker, the introduction of some new deities (the famous demon of Socrates, his inner voice), and the corruption of specific ideas among the youth. On all these...
The Haymarket Incident took place on May 4, 1886, and was, actually, working peopleâs response to police brutality displayed a fay before during a strike of workers at the McCormick Reaper Works. During that event, several workers were killed by the police, and August Spies, an anarchist leader, urged people...
Many scholars believe that in Mesopotamia, environmental conditions have had a significant effect on the development of a complex society. The environmental determinants include the production of food, settlement patterns, and social organization. The time under consideration is the late 5th and early 4th century BC. One of the pioneering...
In Nicaragua, the ruling Marxist Sandinista government had come to power after overthrowing the Somoza dynasty in 1979. On gaining power, the Sandinistas persecuted former Somoza loyalists who became disgruntled and went underground. Other than Somozaâs disaffected former loyalists, other indigenous guerrilla groups such as the Pastora faction also had...
The election between Republican Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel Tilden from the Democratic Party in 1876 ranks among the most controversial campaigns in the history of the United States. Traditionally, both Tilden and Hayes avoided a public campaign, leaving this task to their supporters. Republicans focused on identifying their party...
Introduction The studied material offers a detailed analysis of the events that took place in the early 19th century. From the presented discussions and images, the reader can identify the goals, achievements, and challenges of the abolitionists. Modern historians describe them as responsible reformers since they relied on logical explanations...
The Transformations of the 1930s From the stock market crash to the bombing of Pearl Harbor, through the Great Depression and years of ongoing positive changes, the 1930s in the U.S. transformed the country quickly. This decade is one of the most dynamic time periods of the twentieth century. President...
The Civil Rights Movement took place in the 1950s and was about the black community profusely fighting for their rights against segregation. Though they were finally free from slavery by the time the second world war began, The black African community did not fully enjoy equal rights with the white...
When it comes to the topic of the Civil War, one of the most common and controversial questions for discussion is whether the Confederacy had the opportunity to win. At first sight, it seems that the South had a variety of advantages. It was superior to the North in terms...
Christopher Columbus, William Rub, and Pope Urban II were driven by different philosophies in their quest to convert the non-Christians into Christianity. Some of them used dialogue such as William Rub ruck while others as Christopher Columbus used violence and enslavement. The holy land the Pope was referring to is...
The Mexican-American War in the United States of America was a logical continuation of the conflict between Mexico and Texas. Although this conflict as a whole caused much division in American society, the abolitionists had different reasons for opposing the war. The reason for this is the slave states of...