There are several ways in which respiratory diseases may transmit. Crowded places and areas are particularly vulnerable to such outbreaks. Hence they may occur in urban areas more frequently than in rural regions. In some cases, respiratory diseases are spread by big particles released by coughing or sneezing. Such transmission implies person-to-person contact and uses large droplets as a medium. Such droplet transmission may occur in sporadic cases as these big droplets hit various obstacles and fall to the ground (Matteelli & Saleri, 2008). There are also pathogens, which are spread by tiny droplets. Such droplets disperse quickly, contaminating the air. Tiny particle transmission is much more dangerous as it may affect large numbers of people, and it is hard to prevent. Moreover, it may transmit at significant rates, infecting considerable numbers of people rapidly (Matteelli & Saleri, 2008). There are also unique ways of transmission, such as in the legionellosis case. It is an air-borne disease, which is caused by living bacteria that multiplicates in water systems. Hence, it spreads through domestic water systems and significantly impacts the hotel industry and ships.
As already mentioned, there is a number of ways of respiratory disease transmission. Each transmission method requires a specific approach to its prevention, and hence there are several measures designed to control the spread of respiratory diseases. For example, the legionellosis control measures are closely linked with cleaning domestic water systems, which serve as a means of transmission. The measure involves disinfection and filtration of water as well as pipe maintenance and replacement. Another control measure may be implemented by all citizens and address a larger number of respiratory diseases. Washing hands regularly is essential as it may minimize contact with large and small droplets, which may transmit agents and pathogens (CDC, 2019). It may also be critical to introduce prevention measures for people with symptoms. These measures include covering the face when coughing or sneezing and using tissues (CDC, 2019). I believe that all measures are essential and significantly contribute to spreading prevention. Therefore, it may not be possible to determine the most effective measures, as they are all equally vital.
I find legionellosis to be one of the most interesting diseases mentioned in the articles. Legionellosis is an illness caused by legionella, which is a living bacteria. As mentioned before, legionellosis has a relatively unique way of transmission as the bacteria may be found in fresh water and can be spread by air conditioners and cooling towers. Therefore, it may be beneficial to regularly disinfect fresh water supply chains in order to prevent legionellosis. It is also complicated to timely diagnose the disorder as it is relatively rare and does not have any distinctive symptoms. Frequent delays in diagnosis and treatment cause relatively high mortality of 20% (Matteelli & Saleri, 2008). Another remarkable disease is tuberculosis, which is a significant cause of human mortality. I find it worth mentioning as it is a well-known illness with a considerable history, yet it represents new challenges for humanity. For example, tuberculosis infection rates strongly correlate with the development of the traveling industry. Consequently, tuberculosis transmission is an emerging industry, which may require broader attention and further research.
References
CDC: Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019) How to prevent the spread of respiratory illnesses in disaster evacuation centers. Web.
Matteelli, A., & Saleri, N. (2008). Respiratory Diseases. Travel Medicine, 561–572. Web.
